What is the primary cause of capsizing in small boats?

Overloading a small boat is a primary cause of capsizing because it directly affects the vessel's stability and buoyancy. Each boat has a specific weight limit, which includes both the weight of the passengers and any gear onboard. When this limit is exceeded, the boat becomes top-heavy or its center of gravity shifts, making it prone to tipping over.

If a boat is loaded beyond its capacity, even minor movements or shifts in weight can increase the risk of capsizing, especially if combined with other factors like waves or sudden turns. This is crucial for boaters to understand; adhering to weight limits not only enhances safety but is essential for maintaining adequate freeboard (the distance between the waterline and the upper deck level) that prevents water from entering the boat, further safeguarding against capsizing.

While other factors such as changes in wind direction, rough waters, or improper anchoring can contribute to instability, the act of overloading fundamentally compromises the boat's design and safety parameters, making it the leading cause of capsizing. Recognizing this risk is vital for ensuring the safety of all onboard.